NCERT Solutions for Social Geography Class 10 Chapter 7

NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Social Science (Geography)
Chapter 7– Lifelines of national income
1.Fill in the blanks:
a. __________ is the longest tunnel in the world.
b. First class mail includes __________ and __________.
c. __________ is the fastest mode of transportation.
2. True or false:
a. Airways are the cheapest means of transport.
b. When the value of Import exceeds the value of export, it is called a favorable balance of trade.
c. Electronic media is a type of mass communication.
3. One-word answer
a. When goods are exchanged between two countries, it is called-
b. Which communication covers a large number of people at a time?
c. Name any two land modes of transport.
4. Why do we need transportation?

5. Why are transportation and communication considered lifelines of our nation?
6. How do means of transport and communication enhance each other?
7. Why is the distribution of roads in India uneven?
8. Write three problems Indian railways face.
9. Write three advantages of waterways in India.
10. Write two advantages and disadvantages of airways.
11. Explains types of means of communication

Exchange of Information

12. State the difference between first-class mail and second-class mail.
13. Define export and Import.

14. How international trade plays an important role in the development of the economy?
15. What is balance of trade?
16. Why do foreign tourists visit India?
17. Why are railways considered the most convenient means of transport?
18. Name some commodities which India export to other countries.
19. Name some commodities which are imported to India.
20. Classify roads as per their capacity.
21. Why are waterways the cheapest means of transport?
22. Write three means of road transport.
23. Write any one feature of the super highway and national highway.
24. Define metalled roads and unmetalled roads.
25. Name any two international airports.

Answers
1.
a. Atal tunnel is the longest tunnel in the world.
b. First-class mail includes cards and envelopes.
c. Airways is the fastest mode of transportation

2.
a. False
b. False
c. True

3.
a. Foreign trade
b. Mass communication
c. Roadways and railways

4. Transportation is a necessity of our life.
• We need it to go from one place to another place.
• It is required to supply raw materials to industries.
• It promotes trade.

5. Transportation and communication are considered lifelines of our economy for the following reasons.
• Both communication and transportation enhance trade and develop the country’s economy.
• They go hand in hand. Without transportation and communication, international trade could not be possible for our country, which adds value to our economy.
6. Transportation and communication enhance each other.
• With the development of communication systems, transport has also developed.
• Technology advancements have played a significant role in developing transportation and communication simultaneously.
7. The distribution of roads in India is uneven due to the following reasons
• The geographical features of a region determine the formation of a road.

• The cost of making roads is different for different areas. For example, it costs less in plain areas, and in hill areas, it costs more.
8. The three problems the Indian railway faces are-
• Passengers pull chain without any reason.
• Most of the passengers do not buy tickets.
• Passengers steel and damage railway property.
9. The three advantages of waterways in India are given below.
• It is the cheapest means of transport.
• It does not require much fuel.
• It does not pollute the environment, unlike other means of transport.
10. The Two advantages and disadvantages of airways are given below.
• It is the fastest means of transport but beyond the reach of a common person.
• It is most effective in natural disasters to evacuate people, but it does not work in bad weather.
11. There are two types of means of communication. Personal communication and mass communication. The former involves communication between two people, and there is direct contact between the sender and receiver. The latter involves getting informed a large number of people at a time. However, there is no direct contact.
12. The difference between the first class mail and the second class mail is given below:

13. When goods of home country are sold to a foreign country, this term is called export. On the other hand, when goods of a foreign country are purchased or brought to one’s home country, this term is called Import.
14. International trade plays an important role in developing the economy in two ways.
• The goods that cannot be manufactured domestically can be imported through international trade, increasing the competition in the market and making more goods available to consumers at a cheaper rate.
• International trade adds foreign exchange to the economy.
15. The balance of trade shows the net profit or loss that is incurred through Import and export. It is the difference between the value of imports and exports during a year.
16. Foreign tourists visit India for the following purposes.
• Eco-tourism
• Heritage tourism
• Cultural tourism
• Medical tourism
• Business tourism
• Adventure tourism
17. Railways are considered the most convenient means of transport for the following reasons.
• It is within reach of common people.

• People can travel long distances at an affordable rate.
• It can carry large bulk of goods.
18. India exports many commodities to other countries, such as rice, spices, tea, cotton, iron and steel, precious metals, stone, etc.
19. The commodities which India can’t produce due to a lack of resources are imported from foreign countries to India. The commodities include inorganic chemicals, petroleum products, coal, and edible oils.
20. Roads are classified as per their capacity.
• Golden Quadrilateral super highway.
• National Highways
• State Highways
• District Roads
• Rural Roads
• Border Roads.
21.
• It carries large amounts of heavy goods in one go.
• It is environmentally friendly. It does not pollute the environment, unlike other modes.
• It uses less amount of fuel in one go.
22. The three means of road transport are given below.
• Roadways
• Railways
• Pipelines

23. The feature of super highway and national highway is given below.
• Super highways reduce the time and distance between the megacities of India.
• The national highways connect all states of India.
24. Metalled roads are also called pacca roads. They are made up of cement, concrete, or coal tar. Unmetalled roads are also called katcha roads. They are made up of mud and gravel.
25.
• Indira Gandhi International Airport
• Chattrapati Shivaji Airport