NCERT Solutions for Social Geography Class 10 Chapter 6

NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Social Science (Geography)
Chapter 6– Manufacturing Industries
1.Fill in the blanks:
a. Manufacturing industries come under …………. sector.
b. The 1st successful textile mill was established in …………. .
c. …………. is the largest producer of jute.
2.True or false:
a. The 1st successful textile mill was established in Mumbai.
b. The manufacturing sector has increased the dependence of people on
agriculture.
c. Government policy does not influence the location of an industry.
3.One-word answer:
a. Which industry is the only self-reliant industry?
b. Name any one type of industry.
c. Who runs public sector industries?
4.How is raw material converted into finished goods?
5.Explain secondary activities.
6.Why is the manufacturing sector important for economic development?
7.How has the manufacturing sector reduced the dependence of people on
agriculture?
8.How do our manufactured goods compete in an international market?
9.How do industries contribute to the national economy?
10.Where do industries locate?
11.How do government policies influence the location of industry?

12.Classify industries on the basis of ownership.
13.Write two prime factors for the location of the aluminium industry.
14.Write some negative consequences of industries.
15.How do industries cause air pollution?
16.How do industries cause water pollution?
17. What effect does thermal pollution have on aquatic life?
18. How can industrial pollution be reduced?
19. How do industries in India boost agriculture productivity?
20. Write the major factors which affect the location of industry.
21. Classify industries on the basis of capital investment.
22. Name two agro-based industries and two mineral-based industries.
23. Write any two differences between agro-based industries and mineralbased industries.
24. Write any two differences between the public sector and the private sector.
25. Write any two differences between basic industries and consumer industries.
Answers
1.Fill ups.
a. Manufacturing industries come under the secondary sector.
b. The 1st successful textile mill was established in 1854.
c. India is the largest producer of jute.
2.True or false.
a. True
b. False
c. False

3. One-word answer.
a. Textile industry
b. Cement industry
c. Government agencies
4. The raw material is converted into finished goods by the process of manufacturing. For example, sugarcane is a raw material which is converted into jaggery and sugar by using big machines in industries.
5. Secondary activities are also known as manufacturing activities. These activities use primary products or raw materials to convert them into valuable products. For example, making tomato ketchup from tomatoes is a secondary activity.
6. The manufacturing sector is important for economic development because of the following reason. a. It reduces the dependence of people on agriculture.
b. It brings foreign exchange by exporting manufactured goods.
c. It gives employment to a large number of people.
7.The manufacturing sector has reduced people’s dependence on agriculture by providing employment opportunities in the manufacturing and service sectors.
8.Our manufactured goods can compete in the international market by providing customers with high-quality products at a lower price than their local goods.
9.Our industries contribute to the national economy
 By producing goods and services in a large amount

By adding foreign exchange to the economy

By giving a substantial share to GDP

10.The location of industries is based on the following factors
 Accessible to raw material
 Closeness to market
 Cheap labour
 Availability of power

Availability of water and transport

11. Government policies influence the location of industries in various ways. First, the government provides several incentives or subsidies for locating industries in backward areas. Secondly, it put restrictions to reduce regional disparities.
12. The classification of industries on the basis of ownership is given below.
 Private sector
 Public sector
 Cooperative sector
13. The two prime factors for the location of the aluminium industry are given below.
 Raw material at minimum cost
 Electricity at a cheap rate on a regular basis.
14.The negative consequences of industries are as follows:
 It creates air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, etc.
 It diminishes the quality of the environment and depletes natural resources.
15. Industries cause air pollution by emitting toxic gases in the atmosphere in the form of smoke, which pollute the environment and harm human health.
16. Industries cause water pollution when they discharge their industrial wastes into water bodies without any treatment. When industrial waste comes into contact with water, it pollutes the water with toxic substances.
17. Thermal pollution is a threat to aquatic life. It reduces the amount of oxygen in the water due to sudden temperature changes, thus causing risk to marine life.
18. Industrial pollution can be reduced by following ways.
 Treating industrial waste before releasing them into water bodies.
 Reduce smoke by using gas or oil in place of coal in factories.
19.Following are ways by which industries boost agricultural productivity.

 Industries have assisted farmers in adopting modern farming equipment such as tractors.
 They provide agricultural inputs such as fertilisers, pesticides, irrigation pumps, etc., to boost farming immensely.

20. The major factors affecting the industry’s location are the availability of raw materials and labour at cheap rates. Therefore, industrialists locate their industries only in those places where labourers are available at a cheap rate so that they can run their businesses at low cost of production.
21. On the basis of capital investment, Industries are classified into small-scale and large-scale industries. In small-scale industries, The amount of investment is less than one crore, and In large-scale industries, the amount of investment is more than one crore.
22. The two agro-based industries are jute textile and sugar industry. The two mineral-based industries are aluminium industry and cement industry.

23. Difference between agro and mineral based industries.

24. Difference between public and private sector industries.

25. Difference between basic and consumer industries.