April 10, 2026
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Chapter 6: Democratic Rights
Complete NCERT Solutions (Exercise) | CBSE Class 9 Social Science Political Science
NCERT Exercise Questions
11 markNCERT Page 111
Which of the following is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right?
(a) Workers from Bihar go to the Punjab to work on the farms
(b) Christian missions set up a chain of missionary schools
(c) Men and women government employees get the same salary
(d) Parents’ property is inherited by their children
(a) Workers from Bihar go to the Punjab to work on the farms
(b) Christian missions set up a chain of missionary schools
(c) Men and women government employees get the same salary
(d) Parents’ property is inherited by their children
Answer: (d) Parents’ property is inherited by their children.
Inheritance of property is a legal matter, but it is not an exercise of a Fundamental Right.
Inheritance of property is a legal matter, but it is not an exercise of a Fundamental Right.
21 markNCERT Page 111
Which of the following freedoms is not available to an Indian citizen?
(a) Freedom to criticise the government
(b) Freedom to participate in armed revolution
(c) Freedom to start a movement to change the government
(d) Freedom to oppose the central values of the Constitution
(a) Freedom to criticise the government
(b) Freedom to participate in armed revolution
(c) Freedom to start a movement to change the government
(d) Freedom to oppose the central values of the Constitution
Answer: (b) Freedom to participate in armed revolution.
31 markNCERT Page 111
Which of the following rights is available under the Indian Constitution?
(a) Right to work
(b) Right to adequate livelihood
(c) Right to protect one’s culture
(d) Right to privacy
(a) Right to work
(b) Right to adequate livelihood
(c) Right to protect one’s culture
(d) Right to privacy
Answer: (c) Right to protect one’s culture.
This right is protected under the Cultural and Educational Rights in the Indian Constitution.
This right is protected under the Cultural and Educational Rights in the Indian Constitution.
Fundamental Rights Classification
44 marksNCERT Page 111
Name the Fundamental Right under which each of the following rights falls:
(a) Freedom to propagate one’s religion
(b) Right to life
(c) Abolition of untouchability
(d) Ban on bonded labour
(a) Freedom to propagate one’s religion
(b) Right to life
(c) Abolition of untouchability
(d) Ban on bonded labour
Answer:
| Right | Fundamental Right |
|---|---|
| Freedom to propagate one’s religion | Right to Freedom of Religion |
| Right to life | Right to Freedom |
| Abolition of untouchability | Right to Equality |
| Ban on bonded labour | Right against Exploitation |
Democracy and Rights
55 marksNCERT Page 111
Which of these statements about the relationship between democracy and rights is more valid? Give reasons for your preference.
(a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
(b) Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy.
(c) Giving rights is good, but it is not necessary for a democracy.
(a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
(b) Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy.
(c) Giving rights is good, but it is not necessary for a democracy.
Answer: The most valid statement is (a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
Rights are necessary for democracy. In a democracy, citizens must have the right to vote, express opinions, form associations, criticise the government and live with dignity. Without rights, elected rulers may become authoritarian. However, simply giving some rights does not automatically make a country democratic, because real democracy also requires free elections, accountability and rule of law.
Rights are necessary for democracy. In a democracy, citizens must have the right to vote, express opinions, form associations, criticise the government and live with dignity. Without rights, elected rulers may become authoritarian. However, simply giving some rights does not automatically make a country democratic, because real democracy also requires free elections, accountability and rule of law.
65 marksNCERT Page 111
Are these restrictions on the right to freedom justified? Give reasons for your answer.
(a) Indian citizens need permission to visit some border areas of the country for reasons of security.
(b) Outsiders are not allowed to buy property in some areas to protect the interest of the local population.
(c) The government bans the publication of a book that can go against the ruling party in the next elections.
(a) Indian citizens need permission to visit some border areas of the country for reasons of security.
(b) Outsiders are not allowed to buy property in some areas to protect the interest of the local population.
(c) The government bans the publication of a book that can go against the ruling party in the next elections.
Answer:
(a) Justified. Restrictions on visiting sensitive border areas may be justified for national security. Such restrictions should be reasonable and not arbitrary.
(b) Justified. In some areas, restrictions on outsiders buying property may be justified to protect the land, culture and livelihood of local or tribal communities.
(c) Not justified. Banning a book merely because it may harm the ruling party in elections violates freedom of expression. A democratic government cannot restrict criticism only to protect itself politically.
(a) Justified. Restrictions on visiting sensitive border areas may be justified for national security. Such restrictions should be reasonable and not arbitrary.
(b) Justified. In some areas, restrictions on outsiders buying property may be justified to protect the land, culture and livelihood of local or tribal communities.
(c) Not justified. Banning a book merely because it may harm the ruling party in elections violates freedom of expression. A democratic government cannot restrict criticism only to protect itself politically.
Letter-Based Question
75 marksNCERT Page 111
Manoj went to a college to apply for admission into an MBA course. The clerk refused to take his application and said “You, the son of a sweeper, wish to be a manager! Has anyone done this job in your community? Go to the municipality office and apply for a sweeper’s position”. Which of Manoj’s fundamental rights are being violated in this instance? Spell these out in a letter from Manoj to the district collector.
Answer: Manoj’s Right to Equality is violated. He is being discriminated against on the basis of caste and family occupation. His dignity and equal opportunity are also being denied.
Sample Letter:
To,
The District Collector,
[District Name]
Subject: Complaint regarding violation of my Fundamental Rights
Sir/Madam,
I wish to bring to your notice an incident of discrimination that took place when I went to a college to apply for admission into an MBA course. The clerk refused to accept my application and insulted me by referring to my father’s occupation as a sweeper. He said that I should apply for a sweeper’s post instead of aspiring to become a manager.
This behaviour violates my Fundamental Right to Equality. No citizen can be denied admission or opportunity on the basis of caste, birth or occupation of parents. It also violates my dignity as a citizen.
I request you to take strict action against the concerned person and ensure that my application is accepted without discrimination.
Yours faithfully,
Manoj
Sample Letter:
To,
The District Collector,
[District Name]
Subject: Complaint regarding violation of my Fundamental Rights
Sir/Madam,
I wish to bring to your notice an incident of discrimination that took place when I went to a college to apply for admission into an MBA course. The clerk refused to accept my application and insulted me by referring to my father’s occupation as a sweeper. He said that I should apply for a sweeper’s post instead of aspiring to become a manager.
This behaviour violates my Fundamental Right to Equality. No citizen can be denied admission or opportunity on the basis of caste, birth or occupation of parents. It also violates my dignity as a citizen.
I request you to take strict action against the concerned person and ensure that my application is accepted without discrimination.
Yours faithfully,
Manoj
Gender Equality
84 marksNCERT Page 112
When Madhurima went to the property registration office, the Registrar told her, “You can’t write your name as Madhurima Banerjee d/o A. K. Banerjee. You are married, so you must give your husband’s name. Your husband’s surname is Rao. So your name should be changed to Madhurima Rao.” She did not agree. She said “If my husband’s name has not changed after marriage, why should mine?” In your opinion who is right in this dispute? And why?
Answer: Madhurima is right in this dispute.
A woman does not lose her identity after marriage. She has the right to keep her own name and surname. Forcing her to change her name only because she is married violates equality, dignity and personal freedom. If the husband’s name does not change after marriage, there is no democratic or legal reason to force the wife to change her name. The Registrar’s view is based on gender bias and is not consistent with constitutional values.
A woman does not lose her identity after marriage. She has the right to keep her own name and surname. Forcing her to change her name only because she is married violates equality, dignity and personal freedom. If the husband’s name does not change after marriage, there is no democratic or legal reason to force the wife to change her name. The Registrar’s view is based on gender bias and is not consistent with constitutional values.
Human Rights Petition
95 marksNCERT Page 112
Thousands of tribals and other forest dwellers gathered at Piparia in Hoshangabad district in Madhya Pradesh to protest against their proposed displacement from the Satpura National Park, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary and Panchmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary. They argue that such a displacement is an attack on their livelihood and beliefs. Government claims that their displacement is essential for the development of the area and for protection of wildlife. Write a petition on behalf of the forest dwellers to the NHRC, a response from the government and a report of the NHRC on this matter.
Answer:
Petition on behalf of forest dwellers:
To,
The National Human Rights Commission,
New Delhi.
Subject: Petition against forced displacement from forest areas
Sir/Madam,
We, the tribal and forest-dwelling communities of Piparia and nearby areas, request the NHRC to protect our rights. Our proposed displacement from Satpura National Park, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary and Panchmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary threatens our livelihood, culture and beliefs. We depend on forests for food, fuel, grazing, minor forest produce and religious practices. We request that no displacement should take place without consultation, fair compensation, rehabilitation and protection of our rights.
Government response:
The government may state that relocation is necessary for wildlife protection, forest conservation and development of the area. It may also claim that affected families will be rehabilitated and compensated according to law.
NHRC report:
The NHRC should state that conservation and development are important, but they cannot be pursued by violating human rights. Forest dwellers must be consulted, their livelihood and cultural rights must be respected, and any displacement must follow due process, fair compensation, proper rehabilitation and legal safeguards.
Petition on behalf of forest dwellers:
To,
The National Human Rights Commission,
New Delhi.
Subject: Petition against forced displacement from forest areas
Sir/Madam,
We, the tribal and forest-dwelling communities of Piparia and nearby areas, request the NHRC to protect our rights. Our proposed displacement from Satpura National Park, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary and Panchmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary threatens our livelihood, culture and beliefs. We depend on forests for food, fuel, grazing, minor forest produce and religious practices. We request that no displacement should take place without consultation, fair compensation, rehabilitation and protection of our rights.
Government response:
The government may state that relocation is necessary for wildlife protection, forest conservation and development of the area. It may also claim that affected families will be rehabilitated and compensated according to law.
NHRC report:
The NHRC should state that conservation and development are important, but they cannot be pursued by violating human rights. Forest dwellers must be consulted, their livelihood and cultural rights must be respected, and any displacement must follow due process, fair compensation, proper rehabilitation and legal safeguards.
Rights Web Activity
10ActivityNCERT Page 112
Draw a web interconnecting different rights discussed in this chapter. For example right to freedom of movement is connected to the freedom of occupation. One reason for this is that freedom of movement enables a person to go to place of work within one’s village or city or to another village, city or state. Similarly this right can be used for pilgrimage, connected with freedom to follow one’s religion. Draw a circle for each right and mark arrows that show connection between or among different rights. For each arrow, give an example that shows the linkage.
Answer: This is an activity-based question. Students can prepare a rights web using circles and arrows. A suggested connection is given below:
Right to Freedom of Movement → Freedom of Occupation: A person can move to another city or state for work.
Freedom of Movement → Freedom of Religion: A person can travel for pilgrimage or religious practice.
Right to Equality → Right against Exploitation: Equality helps prevent bonded labour and unfair treatment.
Right to Life → Right to Education: Education helps a person live with dignity and develop fully.
Freedom of Expression → Right to Constitutional Remedies: A person can speak against violation of rights and approach the court for justice.
Students should draw each right in a separate circle and use arrows to show how one right supports another.
Right to Freedom of Movement → Freedom of Occupation: A person can move to another city or state for work.
Freedom of Movement → Freedom of Religion: A person can travel for pilgrimage or religious practice.
Right to Equality → Right against Exploitation: Equality helps prevent bonded labour and unfair treatment.
Right to Life → Right to Education: Education helps a person live with dignity and develop fully.
Freedom of Expression → Right to Constitutional Remedies: A person can speak against violation of rights and approach the court for justice.
Students should draw each right in a separate circle and use arrows to show how one right supports another.
Newspaper Activity
ActivityProjectNCERT Page 112
Take any example from the reports discussed in this chapter or any other local example that you are familiar with and write the following:
(i) Letter to the editor highlighting a case of human rights violation.
(ii) Press release by a human rights organisation.
(iii) A headline and a news item concerning a Supreme Court order related to Fundamental Rights.
(iv) Editorial on growing incidents of custodial violence.
Put these together and make a newspaper for your school notice board.
(i) Letter to the editor highlighting a case of human rights violation.
(ii) Press release by a human rights organisation.
(iii) A headline and a news item concerning a Supreme Court order related to Fundamental Rights.
(iv) Editorial on growing incidents of custodial violence.
Put these together and make a newspaper for your school notice board.
NCERT Activity: This is a newspaper-writing activity. Students should choose one human rights issue and prepare newspaper-style material.
Suggested format:
Letter to the editor: Write about the violation, affected people and demand for action.
Press release: State the facts, rights violated and appeal for investigation.
Headline and news item: Create a short news report on a court order related to rights.
Editorial: Explain why custodial violence or any rights violation is dangerous for democracy.
These items can be arranged as a class newspaper or wall magazine.
Suggested format:
Letter to the editor: Write about the violation, affected people and demand for action.
Press release: State the facts, rights violated and appeal for investigation.
Headline and news item: Create a short news report on a court order related to rights.
Editorial: Explain why custodial violence or any rights violation is dangerous for democracy.
These items can be arranged as a class newspaper or wall magazine.
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